Hi korang!
Tutorial blog kali ini kita akan belajar macam mana mengawal 2 LED iaitu RGB LED dan LED pada board NodeMCU melalui bot Telegram dengan menggunakan Arduino IDE. Untuk menghantar dan menerima data dengan aplikasi telegram kita akan menggunakan board NodeMCU ESP8266. LED akan ON dan OFF dengan menghantar mesej untuk memberi arahan daripada bot Telegram ke NodeMCU ESP8266 .
1. Install Telegram
Install aplikasi Telegram pada telefon atau laptop dan Sign Up atau Sign In ke akaun anda.
2. Create Telegram bot
Buat carian “botfather” dan klik seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah.
Kemudian, klik pada Start untuk memulakan bot dan keluar banyak pilihan pada menu.
Taip /newbot dan hantar mesej pada bot atau klik pada /newbot untuk membuat bot baharu yang akan digunakan dalam projek nanti.
Kemudian, bot akan meminta anda memberikan nama dan username untuk bot yang nak dibuat. Sila guna unik username dan letakkan _bot atau bot dihujung untuk proses seterusnya. Selepas itu, anda akan mendapat token yang perlu anda copy dan paste id itu ke dalam code. Gunakan link yang diberikan dalam mesej untuk membuka bot anda.
4. Install ESP8266 Board ke dalam Arduino IDE
Jika anda belum pernah install ESP8266 board , anda boleh rujuk tutorial kami sebelum ini https://app.bdxtronix.com/blog/cara-install-board-nodemcu-pada-arduino-ide
5. Download Universal Telegram Bot Library
Jika anda belum pernah menggunakan Telegram bot, rujuk link ini untuk download library. https://github.com/witnessmenow/Universal-Arduino-Telegram-Bot
Kemudian, pergi ke Sketch > Include Library > Add.ZIP Library.
Cari library yang anda telah download tadi dan tambahkan ke dalam Arduino IDE anda.
6. Komponen yang diperlukan
- NodeMCU esp8266
- LED dan RGB LED
- 220-ohm resistor
- Jumper wires dan breadboard
- USB cable
7. Litar
RGB LED
- RED leg → 220 Ohm resistor → pin D1
- -ve terminal LED → GND ESP8266
- GREEN leg → 220 Ohm resistor → pin D2
- BLUE leg → 220 Ohm resistor → pin D4
LED
- -ve terminal LED → GND ESP8266
- +ve terminal LED → 220 Ohm resistor → pin D8
8. Code
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#include <ESP8266WiFi.h> #include <WiFiClientSecure.h> #include <UniversalTelegramBot.h> #define WIFI_SSID "Nama Wifi Anda" //Masukkan nama wifi anda #define WIFI_PASSWORD "Password Wifi Anda" //Masukkan wifi password anda #define BOT_TOKEN "Bot token anda" //Telegram BOT Token (Dapat melalui Botfather) const unsigned long BOT_MTBS = 1000; // BOT_MTBS check mesej baru setiap saat (1000miliseconds). X509List cert(TELEGRAM_CERTIFICATE_ROOT); //Create Wifi client WiFiClientSecure secured_client; //Create bot dengan token dan client UniversalTelegramBot bot(BOT_TOKEN, secured_client); unsigned long bot_lasttime; // last time messages' scan has been done //define output const int yellowledPin = 15; int yellowledStatus = 0; const int redledPin = 5; int redledStatus = 0; const int greenledPin = 4; int greenledStatus = 0; const int blueledPin = 2; int blueledStatus = 0; void handleNewMessages(int numNewMessages) //handleNewMessages function akan kawal mesej baru { Serial.print("handleNewMessages "); Serial.println(numNewMessages); for (int i = 0; i < numNewMessages; i++) { String chat_id = bot.messages[i].chat_id; String text = bot.messages[i].text; String from_name = bot.messages[i].from_name; if (from_name == "") from_name = "Guest"; if (text == "/yellowledon") { digitalWrite(yellowledPin, HIGH); // turn the yellow LED on yellowledStatus = 1; bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Yellow Led is ON", ""); } if (text == "/yellowledoff") { yellowledStatus = 0; digitalWrite(yellowledPin, LOW); // turn the yellow LED off bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Yellow Led is OFF", ""); }
if (text == "/redledon") { digitalWrite(redledPin, HIGH); // turn the red LED on redledStatus = 1; bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Red Led is ON", ""); } if (text == "/redledoff") { redledStatus = 0; digitalWrite(redledPin, LOW); // turn the red LED off bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Red Led is OFF", ""); }
if (text == "/greenledon") { digitalWrite(greenledPin, HIGH); // turn the green LED on greenledStatus = 1; bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Green Led is ON", ""); } if (text == "/greenledoff") { greenledStatus = 0; digitalWrite(greenledPin, LOW); // turn the green LED off bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Green Led is OFF", ""); }
if (text == "/blueledon") { digitalWrite(blueledPin, HIGH); // turn the blue LED on blueledStatus = 1; bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Blue Led is ON", ""); } if (text == "/blueledoff") { blueledStatus = 0; digitalWrite(blueledPin, LOW); // turn the blueLED off bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Blue Led is OFF", ""); } if (text == "/yellowstatus") { if (yellowledStatus) { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Yellow Led is ON", ""); } else { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Yellow Led is OFF", ""); } }
if (text == "/redstatus") { if (redledStatus) { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Red Led is ON", ""); } else { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Red Led is OFF", ""); } }
if (text == "/greenstatus") { if (greenledStatus) { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Green Led is ON", ""); } else { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Green Led is OFF", ""); } }
if (text == "/bluestatus") { if (blueledStatus) { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Blue Led is ON", ""); } else { bot.sendMessage(chat_id, "Blue Led is OFF", ""); } } if (text == "/start") { String welcome = "Selamat Datang, " + from_name + ".\n"; welcome += "/yellowledon : to switch the Led ON\n"; welcome += "/yellowledoff : to switch the Led OFF\n"; welcome += "/redledon : to switch the Led ON\n"; welcome += "/redledoff : to switch the Led OFF\n"; welcome += "/greenledon : to switch the Led ON\n"; welcome += "/greenledoff : to switch the Led OFF\n"; welcome += "/blueledon : to switch the Led ON\n"; welcome += "/blueledoff : to switch the Led OFF\n"; welcome += "/yellowstatus : Returns current status of LED\n"; welcome += "/redstatus : Returns current status of LED\n"; welcome += "/greenstatus : Returns current status of LED\n"; welcome += "/bluestatus : Returns current status of LED\n"; bot.sendMessage(chat_id, welcome, "Markdown"); } } } void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); //iniatilize the serial monitor Serial.println(); pinMode(yellowledPin, OUTPUT); // initialize digital ledPin as an output. delay(10); digitalWrite(yellowledPin, LOW); // initialize pin as off (active HIGH) pinMode(redledPin, OUTPUT); // initialize digital ledPin as an output. delay(10); digitalWrite(redledPin, LOW); // initialize pin as off (active HIGH) pinMode(greenledPin, OUTPUT); // initialize digital ledPin as an output. delay(10); digitalWrite(greenledPin, LOW); // initialize pin as off (active HIGH) pinMode(blueledPin, OUTPUT); // initialize digital ledPin as an output. delay(10); digitalWrite(blueledPin, LOW); // initialize pin as off (active HIGH) //board connect pada wifi configTime(0, 0, "pool.ntp.org"); // get UTC time via NTP secured_client.setTrustAnchors(&cert); // Tambah root certificate untuk api.telegram.org Serial.print("Connecting to Wifi SSID "); //display WIFI SSID pada serial monitor Serial.print(WIFI_SSID); WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD); while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { Serial.print("."); delay(500); } Serial.print("\nWiFi connected. IP address: "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); }
//check mesej baru setiap saat void loop() { if (millis() - bot_lasttime > BOT_MTBS) { int numNewMessages = bot.getUpdates(bot.last_message_received + 1);
while (numNewMessages) { Serial.println("got response"); //display pada Serial Monitor handleNewMessages(numNewMessages); numNewMessages = bot.getUpdates(bot.last_message_received + 1); } bot_lasttime = millis(); } } |
Peringatan
Sila masukkan wifi ssid dan password wifi anda dan bot token telegram ke dalam code Arduino IDE sebelum anda upload.
9. Output
Tekan /start untuk mulakan telegram bot
Jika taip /redledon, red LED akan menyala. Jika taip /yellowledon, yellow LED akan menyala.
Jika taip /yellowledstatus, bot menghantar status yellow LED sedang menyala. Jika taip /greenledstatus, bot menghantar status green LED tidak menyala.
Output pada Serial Monitor apabila user menghantar mesej baru.
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